- Thu Mar 24, 2016 10:52 am
#188884
Greetings
I recently purchased weather meters for a personal weather station connected to weather underground. Overall, I am pleased, especially as this has been a great learning experience. One problem that I cannot figure out, however, is that the wind meter on returns wind speeds at increments of 7.2 mph. This happens both when connecting to a serial port as well as when connecting to wunderground.com. I was able to find an example where someone else had the same issue (https://forum.sparkfun.com/viewtopic.php?f=42&t=41912), but it did not appear to be resolved. I am pasting below the current code that I am using, and would greatly appreciate any advice or ideas on why this might be happening.
Thanks
// This #include statement was automatically added by the Particle IDE.
#include "SparkFun_Photon_Weather_Shield_Library/SparkFun_Photon_Weather_Shield_Library.h"
/******************************************************************************
SparkFun_Photon_Weather_Basic_Soil_Meters.ino
SparkFun Photon Weather Shield basic example with soil moisture and temp
and weather meter readings including wind speed, wind direction and rain.
Joel Bartlett @ SparkFun Electronics
Original Creation Date: May 18, 2015
Based on the Wimp Weather Station sketch by: Nathan Seidle
https://github.com/sparkfun/Wimp_Weather_Station
Last Modified by AJH: March 17, 2016
- Removed Wifi on/off and LED control functions following tranfer to wall (AC)
power. (17-Mar-16)
This sketch prints the temperature, humidity, barrometric preassure, altitude,
soil moisture, and soil temperature to the Seril port. This sketch also
incorporates the Weather Meters avaialbe from SparkFun (SEN-08942), which allow
you to measure Wind Speed, Wind Direction, and Rainfall. Upload this sketch
after attaching a soil moisture and or soil temperature sensor and Wetaher
Meters to test your connections.
Hardware Connections:
This sketch was written specifically for the Photon Weather Shield,
which connects the HTU21D and MPL3115A2 to the I2C bus by default.
If you have an HTU21D and/or an MPL3115A2 breakout, use the following
hardware setup:
HTU21D ------------- Photon
(-) ------------------- GND
(+) ------------------- 3.3V (VCC)
CL ------------------- D1/SCL
DA ------------------- D0/SDA
MPL3115A2 ------------- Photon
GND ------------------- GND
VCC ------------------- 3.3V (VCC)
SCL ------------------ D1/SCL
SDA ------------------ D0/SDA
Soil Moisture Sensor ----- Photon
GND ------------------- GND
VCC ------------------- D5
SIG ------------------- A1
DS18B20 Temp Sensor ------ Photon
VCC (Red) ------------- 3.3V (VCC)
GND (Black) ----------- GND
SIG (White) ----------- D4
*******************************************************************************/
//#include "OneWire.h" --> Comment out
//#include "spark-dallas-temperature.h" --> Comment out
//OneWire and DallasTemperature libraries are needed for DS18B20 Temp sensor --> Comment out
//#define ONE_WIRE_BUS D4 --> Comment out
//#define TEMPERATURE_PRECISION 11 --> Comment out
//OneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS); --> Comment out
//DallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire); --> Comment out
//#define SOIL_MOIST A1 --> Comment out
//#define SOIL_MOIST_POWER D5 --> Comment out
int WDIR = A0;
int RAIN = D2;
int WSPEED = D3;
//Run I2C Scanner to get address of DS18B20(s)
//(found in the Firmware folder in the Photon Weather Shield Repo)
//DeviceAddress inSoilThermometer = --> Comment out
//{0x28, 0x6F, 0xD1, 0x5E, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76};//Waterproof temp sensor address
/************************** Global Variables **********************************/
long lastSecond; //The millis counter to see when a second rolls by
byte seconds; //When it hits 60, increase the current minute
byte seconds_2m; //Keeps track of the "wind speed/dir avg" over last 2 minutes array of data
byte minutes; //Keeps track of where we are in various arrays of data
byte minutes_10m; //Keeps track of where we are in wind gust/dir over last 10 minutes array of data
//We need to keep track of the following variables:
//Wind speed/dir each update (no storage)
//Wind gust/dir over the day (no storage)
//Wind speed/dir, avg over 2 minutes (store 1 per second)
//Wind gust/dir over last 10 minutes (store 1 per minute)
//Rain over the past hour (store 1 per minute)
//Total rain over date (store one per day)
byte windspdavg[120]; //120 bytes to keep track of 2 minute average
int winddiravg[120]; //120 ints to keep track of 2 minute average
float windgust_10m[10]; //10 floats to keep track of 10 minute max
int windgustdirection_10m[10];//10 ints to keep track of 10 minute max
volatile float rainHour[60]; //60 floating numbers to keep track of 60 minutes of rain
//Wunderground variable definitions:
int winddir = 0; // [0-360 instantaneous wind direction]
float windspeedmph = 0; // [mph instantaneous wind speed]
float windgustmph = 0; // [mph current wind gust, using software specific time period]
int windgustdir = 0; // [0-360 using software specific time period]
float windspdmph_avg2m = 0; // [mph 2 minute average wind speed mph]
int winddir_avg2m = 0; // [0-360 2 minute average wind direction]
float windgustmph_10m = 0; // [mph past 10 minutes wind gust mph ]
int windgustdir_10m = 0; // [0-360 past 10 minutes wind gust direction]
float rainin = 0; // [rain inches over the past hour)] -- the accumulated rainfall in the past 60 min
long lastWindCheck = 0;
volatile float dailyrainin = 0; // [rain inches so far today in local time]
float humidity = 0;
float tempf = 0;
float pascals = 0;
float altf = 0;
float baroTemp = 0;
int count = 0;
float inches = 0;
//int soilMoisture = 0; --> Comment out
//double InTempC = 0;//original temperature in C from DS18B20 --> Comment out
//float soiltempf = 0;//converted temperature in F from DS18B20 --> Comment out
bool dataUploaded = false;
// volatiles are subject to modification by IRQs
volatile long lastWindIRQ = 0;
volatile byte windClicks = 0;
volatile unsigned long raintime, rainlast, raininterval, rain;
//Wunderground webpage connect information:
char SERVER [] = "weatherstation.wunderground.com"; //Standard server - for sends once per minute or less
char WEBPAGE [] = "GET /weatherstation/updateweatherstation.php?";
//Station Identification
char ID [] = "KMDSILVE68"; //Your station ID here
char PASSWORD [] = "cotm@1977"; //your Weather Underground password here
TCPClient client;
//Create Instance of HTU21D or SI7021 temp and humidity sensor and MPL3115A2 barrometric sensor
Weather sensor;
//void update18B20Temp(DeviceAddress deviceAddress, double &tempC);//predeclare to compile --> Comment Out
//Interrupt routines (these are called by the hardware interrupts, not by the main code)
//******************************************************************************
void rainIRQ()
// Count rain gauge bucket tips as they occur
// Activated by the magnet and reed switch in the rain gauge, attached to input D2
{
raintime = millis(); // grab current time
raininterval = raintime - rainlast; // calculate interval between this and last event
if (raininterval > 10) // ignore switch-bounce glitches less than 10mS after initial edge
{
dailyrainin += 0.011; //Each dump is 0.011" of water
rainHour[minutes] += 0.011; //Increase this minute's amount of rain
rainlast = raintime; // set up for next event
}
}
void wspeedIRQ()
// Activated by the magnet in the anemometer (2 ticks per rotation), attached to input D3
{
if (millis() - lastWindIRQ > 10) // Ignore switch-bounce glitches less than 10ms (142MPH max reading) after the reed switch closes
{
lastWindIRQ = millis(); //Grab the current time
windClicks++; //There is 1.492MPH for each click per second.
}
}
//******************************************************************************
void setup()
{
// DS18B20 initialization --> Sensor not used, so will comment out.
//sensors.begin(); --> Comment Out
//sensors.setResolution(inSoilThermometer, TEMPERATURE_PRECISION); --> Comment Out
pinMode(WSPEED, INPUT_PULLUP); // input from wind meters windspeed sensor
pinMode(RAIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // input from wind meters rain gauge sensor
//pinMode(SOIL_MOIST_POWER, OUTPUT);//power control for soil moisture --> Comment Out
//digitalWrite(SOIL_MOIST_POWER, LOW);//Leave off by defualt --> Comment Out
Serial.begin(9600); // open serial over USB
// Make sure your Serial Terminal app is closed before powering your device
// Now open your Serial Terminal, and hit any key to continue!
Serial.println("Press any key to begin");
//This line pauses the Serial port until a key is pressed
//while(!Serial.available()) Spark.process();
//Initialize the I2C sensors and ping them
sensor.begin();
/*You can only receive acurate barrometric readings or acurate altitiude
readings at a given time, not both at the same time. The following two lines
tell the sensor what mode to use. You could easily write a function that
takes a reading in one made and then switches to the other mode to grab that
reading, resulting in data that contains both acurate altitude and barrometric
readings. For this example, we will only be using the barometer mode. Be sure
to only uncomment one line at a time. */
sensor.setModeBarometer();//Set to Barometer Mode
//baro.setModeAltimeter();//Set to altimeter Mode
//These are additional MPL3115A2 functions the MUST be called for the sensor to work.
sensor.setOversampleRate(7); // Set Oversample rate
//Call with a rate from 0 to 7. See page 33 for table of ratios.
//Sets the over sample rate. Datasheet calls for 128 but you can set it
//from 1 to 128 samples. The higher the oversample rate the greater
//the time between data samples.
sensor.enableEventFlags(); //Necessary register calls to enble temp, baro ansd alt
seconds = 0;
lastSecond = millis();
// attach external interrupt pins to IRQ functions
attachInterrupt(RAIN, rainIRQ, FALLING);
attachInterrupt(WSPEED, wspeedIRQ, FALLING);
// turn on interrupts
interrupts();
//WiFi.off(); // Turn the wi-fi off
//RGB.control (true); // Take control of the lED
//RGB.color (0, 0, 0); // Switch the LED off
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------
void loop()
{
//Keep track of which minute it is
if(millis() - lastSecond >= 1000)
{
lastSecond += 1000;
//Take a speed and direction reading every second for 2 minute average
if(++seconds_2m > 119) seconds_2m = 0;
//Calc the wind speed and direction every second for 120 second to get 2 minute average
float currentSpeed = get_wind_speed();
//float currentSpeed = random(5); //For testing
int currentDirection = get_wind_direction();
windspdavg[seconds_2m] = (int)currentSpeed;
winddiravg[seconds_2m] = currentDirection;
//if(seconds_2m % 10 == 0) displayArrays(); //For testing
//Check to see if this is a gust for the minute
if(currentSpeed > windgust_10m[minutes_10m])
{
windgust_10m[minutes_10m] = currentSpeed;
windgustdirection_10m[minutes_10m] = currentDirection;
}
//Check to see if this is a gust for the day
if(currentSpeed > windgustmph)
{
windgustmph = currentSpeed;
windgustdir = currentDirection;
}
if(++seconds > 59)
{
seconds = 0;
if(++minutes > 59) minutes = 0;
if(++minutes_10m > 9) minutes_10m = 0;
rainHour[minutes] = 0; //Zero out this minute's rainfall amount
windgust_10m[minutes_10m] = 0; //Zero out this minute's gust
}
//Get readings from all sensors
getWeather();
//Rather than use a delay, keeping track of a counter allows the photon to
// still take readings and do work in between printing out data.
count++;
//alter this number to change the amount of time between each reading
if(count == 5)
{
printInfo();
count = 0;
}
{
//Send data to Weather Underground
sendToWU();
}
}
}
/********}
if (Time.minute() % 1 == 0 && dataUploaded == false)
{
RGB.control (false); // Surrender control of the LED to the Photon
WiFi.on(); // Turn the wi-fi on
delay (500); // Give wi-fi a moment to get its bearings
Particle.process(); // Make sure we're connected to the cloud
//Send data to Weather Underground
sendToWU();
WiFi.off(); // Turn the wi-fi off
RGB.control (true); // Re-take control of the LED
RGB.color (0, 0, 0); // Turn the LED off
dataUploaded = true; // Flip the flag up
}
if (Time.minute() % 1 != 0 && dataUploaded == true)
{
dataUploaded = false; // Flip the flag down to prepare for next upload
}
}********/
//---------------------------------------------------------------
void printInfo()
{
//This function prints the weather data out to the default Serial Port
Serial.print("Wind_Dir:");
switch (winddir)
{
case 0:
Serial.print("North, ");
break;
case 1:
Serial.print("NE, ");
break;
case 2:
Serial.print("East, ");
break;
case 3:
Serial.print("SE, ");
break;
case 4:
Serial.print("South, ");
break;
case 5:
Serial.print("SW, ");
break;
case 6:
Serial.print("West, ");
break;
case 7:
Serial.print("NW, ");
break;
default:
Serial.print("No Wind, ");
// if nothing else matches, do the
// default (which is optional)
}
Serial.print("Wind_Speed:");
Serial.print(windspeedmph, 1);
Serial.print("mph, ");
Serial.print("Rain:");
Serial.print(rainin, 2);
Serial.print("in., ");
Serial.print("Temp:");
Serial.print(tempf);
Serial.print("F, ");
Serial.print("Humidity:");
Serial.print(humidity);
Serial.print("%, ");
Serial.print("Baro_Temp:");
Serial.print(baroTemp);
Serial.print("F, ");
Serial.print("Pressure:");
Serial.print(pascals/100);
Serial.print("hPa, ");
//The MPL3115A2 outputs the pressure in Pascals. However, most weather stations
//report pressure in hectopascals or millibars. Divide by 100 to get a reading
//more closely resembling what online weather reports may say in hPa or mb.
//Another common unit for pressure is Inches of Mercury (in.Hg). To convert
//from mb to in.Hg, use the following formula. P(inHg) = 0.0295300 * P(mb)
//More info on conversion can be found here:
//www.srh.noaa.gov/images/epz/wxcalc/pres ... ersion.pdf
//If in altitude mode, print with these lines
//Serial.print("Altitude:");
//Serial.print(altf);
//Serial.println("ft.");
//Serial.print("Soil_Temp:"); --> Comment Out
//Serial.print(soiltempf); --> Comment Out
//Serial.print("F, "); --> Comment Out
//Serial.print("Soil_Mositure:"); --> Comment Out
//Serial.println(soilMoisture);//Mositure Content is expressed as an analog --> Comment Out
//value, which can range from 0 (completely dry) to the value of the
//materials' porosity at saturation. The sensor tends to max out between
//3000 and 3500.
}
//******************************************************************************
//void getSoilTemp() --> Comment out entire function as no soil temp collected
//{
//get temp from DS18B20
//sensors.requestTemperatures();
//update18B20Temp(inSoilThermometer, InTempC);
//Every so often there is an error that throws a -127.00, this compensates
//if(InTempC < -100)
//soiltempf = soiltempf;//push last value so data isn't out of scope
//else
//soiltempf = (InTempC * 9)/5 + 32;//else grab the newest, good data
//}
//******************************************************************************
//void getSoilMositure() --> Comment out entire function as no soil temp collected
//{
//digitalWrite(SOIL_MOIST_POWER, HIGH);
//delay(200);
//soilMoisture = analogRead(SOIL_MOIST);
//delay(100);
//digitalWrite(SOIL_MOIST_POWER, LOW);
//}
//******************************************************************************
//void update18B20Temp(DeviceAddress deviceAddress, double &tempC) --> Comment Out
//{
//tempC = sensors.getTempC(deviceAddress);
//}
//******************************************************************************
//Read the wind direction sensor, return heading in degrees
int get_wind_direction()
{
unsigned int adc;
adc = analogRead(WDIR); // get the current reading from the sensor
// The following table is ADC readings for the wind direction sensor output, sorted from low to high.
// Each threshold is the midpoint between adjacent headings. The output is degrees for that ADC reading.
// Note that these are not in compass degree order! See Weather Meters datasheet for more information.
//Wind Vains may vary in the values they return. To get exact wind direction,
//it is recomended that you AnalogRead the Wind Vain to make sure the values
//your wind vain output fall within the values listed below.
if(adc > 2270 && adc < 2290) return (0);//North
if(adc > 3220 && adc < 3299) return (1);//NE
if(adc > 3890 && adc < 3999) return (2);//East
if(adc > 3780 && adc < 3850) return (3);//SE
if(adc > 3570 && adc < 3650) return (4);//South
if(adc > 2790 && adc < 2850) return (5);//SW
if(adc > 1580 && adc < 1610) return (6);//West
if(adc > 1930 && adc < 1950) return (7);//NW
return (-1); // error, disconnected?
}
//******************************************************************************
//Returns the instataneous wind speed
float get_wind_speed()
{
float deltaTime = millis() - lastWindCheck; //750ms
deltaTime /= 1000.0; //Covert to seconds
float windSpeed = (float)windClicks / deltaTime; //3 / 0.750s = 4
windClicks = 0; //Reset and start watching for new wind
lastWindCheck = millis();
windSpeed *= 1.492; //4 * 1.492 = 5.968MPH
/* Serial.println();
Serial.print("Windspeed:");
Serial.println(windSpeed);*/
return(windSpeed);
}
//******************************************************************************
void getWeather()
{
// Measure Relative Humidity from the HTU21D or Si7021
humidity = sensor.getRH();
// Measure Temperature from the HTU21D or Si7021
tempf = sensor.getTempF();
// Temperature is measured every time RH is requested.
// It is faster, therefore, to read it from previous RH
// measurement with getTemp() instead with readTemp()
//Measure the Barometer temperature in F from the MPL3115A2
baroTemp = sensor.readBaroTempF();
//Measure Pressure from the MPL3115A2
pascals = sensor.readPressure();
inches = pascals * 0.0002953; // Calc for converting Pa to inHg (Wunderground expects inHg)
//getSoilTemp(); //Read the DS18B20 waterproof temp sensor --> Comment Out
//getSoilMositure();//Read the soil moisture sensor --> Comment Out
//Calc winddir
winddir = get_wind_direction();
//Calc windspeed
windspeedmph = get_wind_speed();
//Calc windgustmph
//Calc windgustdir
//Report the largest windgust today
windgustmph = 0;
windgustdir = 0;
//Calc windspdmph_avg2m
float temp = 0;
for(int i = 0 ; i < 120 ; i++)
temp += windspdavg;
temp /= 120.0;
windspdmph_avg2m = temp;
//Calc winddir_avg2m
temp = 0; //Can't use winddir_avg2m because it's an int
for(int i = 0 ; i < 120 ; i++)
temp += winddiravg;
temp /= 120;
winddir_avg2m = temp;
//Calc windgustmph_10m
//Calc windgustdir_10m
//Find the largest windgust in the last 10 minutes
windgustmph_10m = 0;
windgustdir_10m = 0;
//Step through the 10 minutes
for(int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
if(windgust_10m > windgustmph_10m)
{
windgustmph_10m = windgust_10m;
windgustdir_10m = windgustdirection_10m;
}
}
//Total rainfall for the day is calculated within the interrupt
//Calculate amount of rainfall for the last 60 minutes
rainin = 0;
for(int i = 0 ; i < 60 ; i++)
rainin += rainHour;
}
//******************************************************************************
void sendToWU()
{
Serial.println("connecting...");
if (client.connect(SERVER, 80)) {
Serial.println("Connected");
client.print(WEBPAGE);
client.print("ID=");
client.print(ID);
client.print("&PASSWORD=");
client.print(PASSWORD);
client.print("&dateutc=now"); //can use 'now' instead of time if sending in real time
client.print("&tempf=");
client.print(tempf); // Note that this was changed from "tempF" due to error
//client.print("&dewptf="); --> Comment out as dew point not calculated in this sketch
//client.print(dewptF); --> Comment out as dew point not calculated in this sketch
client.print("&rainin=");
client.print(rainin, 2);
client.print("&dailyrainin=");
client.print (dailyrainin, 2);
client.print("&humidity=");
client.print(humidity);
client.print("&windspeedmph=");
client.print(windspeedmph, 1);
client.print("&windspdmph_avg2m=");
client.print(windspdmph_avg2m, 1);
client.print("&windgustmph_10m=");
client.print(windgustmph_10m, 1);
client.print("&windgustmph=");
client.print(windgustmph, 1);
client.print("&winddir=");
client.print(winddir);
// client.print("&Baro_Temp=");
// client.print(baroTemp);
client.print("&baromin=");
client.print(inches);
client.print("&action=updateraw"); //Standard update rate - for sending once a minute or less
//client.print("&softwaretype=Particle-Photon&action=updateraw&realtime=1&rtfreq=30");
//Rapid Fire update rate - for sending multiple times per minute, specify frequency in seconds
client.println();
Serial.println("Upload complete");
delay(300); //Without the delay it goes to sleep too fast and the send is unreliable
}
else{
Serial.println(F("Connection failed"));
return;
}
}
I recently purchased weather meters for a personal weather station connected to weather underground. Overall, I am pleased, especially as this has been a great learning experience. One problem that I cannot figure out, however, is that the wind meter on returns wind speeds at increments of 7.2 mph. This happens both when connecting to a serial port as well as when connecting to wunderground.com. I was able to find an example where someone else had the same issue (https://forum.sparkfun.com/viewtopic.php?f=42&t=41912), but it did not appear to be resolved. I am pasting below the current code that I am using, and would greatly appreciate any advice or ideas on why this might be happening.
Thanks
// This #include statement was automatically added by the Particle IDE.
#include "SparkFun_Photon_Weather_Shield_Library/SparkFun_Photon_Weather_Shield_Library.h"
/******************************************************************************
SparkFun_Photon_Weather_Basic_Soil_Meters.ino
SparkFun Photon Weather Shield basic example with soil moisture and temp
and weather meter readings including wind speed, wind direction and rain.
Joel Bartlett @ SparkFun Electronics
Original Creation Date: May 18, 2015
Based on the Wimp Weather Station sketch by: Nathan Seidle
https://github.com/sparkfun/Wimp_Weather_Station
Last Modified by AJH: March 17, 2016
- Removed Wifi on/off and LED control functions following tranfer to wall (AC)
power. (17-Mar-16)
This sketch prints the temperature, humidity, barrometric preassure, altitude,
soil moisture, and soil temperature to the Seril port. This sketch also
incorporates the Weather Meters avaialbe from SparkFun (SEN-08942), which allow
you to measure Wind Speed, Wind Direction, and Rainfall. Upload this sketch
after attaching a soil moisture and or soil temperature sensor and Wetaher
Meters to test your connections.
Hardware Connections:
This sketch was written specifically for the Photon Weather Shield,
which connects the HTU21D and MPL3115A2 to the I2C bus by default.
If you have an HTU21D and/or an MPL3115A2 breakout, use the following
hardware setup:
HTU21D ------------- Photon
(-) ------------------- GND
(+) ------------------- 3.3V (VCC)
CL ------------------- D1/SCL
DA ------------------- D0/SDA
MPL3115A2 ------------- Photon
GND ------------------- GND
VCC ------------------- 3.3V (VCC)
SCL ------------------ D1/SCL
SDA ------------------ D0/SDA
Soil Moisture Sensor ----- Photon
GND ------------------- GND
VCC ------------------- D5
SIG ------------------- A1
DS18B20 Temp Sensor ------ Photon
VCC (Red) ------------- 3.3V (VCC)
GND (Black) ----------- GND
SIG (White) ----------- D4
*******************************************************************************/
//#include "OneWire.h" --> Comment out
//#include "spark-dallas-temperature.h" --> Comment out
//OneWire and DallasTemperature libraries are needed for DS18B20 Temp sensor --> Comment out
//#define ONE_WIRE_BUS D4 --> Comment out
//#define TEMPERATURE_PRECISION 11 --> Comment out
//OneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS); --> Comment out
//DallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire); --> Comment out
//#define SOIL_MOIST A1 --> Comment out
//#define SOIL_MOIST_POWER D5 --> Comment out
int WDIR = A0;
int RAIN = D2;
int WSPEED = D3;
//Run I2C Scanner to get address of DS18B20(s)
//(found in the Firmware folder in the Photon Weather Shield Repo)
//DeviceAddress inSoilThermometer = --> Comment out
//{0x28, 0x6F, 0xD1, 0x5E, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76};//Waterproof temp sensor address
/************************** Global Variables **********************************/
long lastSecond; //The millis counter to see when a second rolls by
byte seconds; //When it hits 60, increase the current minute
byte seconds_2m; //Keeps track of the "wind speed/dir avg" over last 2 minutes array of data
byte minutes; //Keeps track of where we are in various arrays of data
byte minutes_10m; //Keeps track of where we are in wind gust/dir over last 10 minutes array of data
//We need to keep track of the following variables:
//Wind speed/dir each update (no storage)
//Wind gust/dir over the day (no storage)
//Wind speed/dir, avg over 2 minutes (store 1 per second)
//Wind gust/dir over last 10 minutes (store 1 per minute)
//Rain over the past hour (store 1 per minute)
//Total rain over date (store one per day)
byte windspdavg[120]; //120 bytes to keep track of 2 minute average
int winddiravg[120]; //120 ints to keep track of 2 minute average
float windgust_10m[10]; //10 floats to keep track of 10 minute max
int windgustdirection_10m[10];//10 ints to keep track of 10 minute max
volatile float rainHour[60]; //60 floating numbers to keep track of 60 minutes of rain
//Wunderground variable definitions:
int winddir = 0; // [0-360 instantaneous wind direction]
float windspeedmph = 0; // [mph instantaneous wind speed]
float windgustmph = 0; // [mph current wind gust, using software specific time period]
int windgustdir = 0; // [0-360 using software specific time period]
float windspdmph_avg2m = 0; // [mph 2 minute average wind speed mph]
int winddir_avg2m = 0; // [0-360 2 minute average wind direction]
float windgustmph_10m = 0; // [mph past 10 minutes wind gust mph ]
int windgustdir_10m = 0; // [0-360 past 10 minutes wind gust direction]
float rainin = 0; // [rain inches over the past hour)] -- the accumulated rainfall in the past 60 min
long lastWindCheck = 0;
volatile float dailyrainin = 0; // [rain inches so far today in local time]
float humidity = 0;
float tempf = 0;
float pascals = 0;
float altf = 0;
float baroTemp = 0;
int count = 0;
float inches = 0;
//int soilMoisture = 0; --> Comment out
//double InTempC = 0;//original temperature in C from DS18B20 --> Comment out
//float soiltempf = 0;//converted temperature in F from DS18B20 --> Comment out
bool dataUploaded = false;
// volatiles are subject to modification by IRQs
volatile long lastWindIRQ = 0;
volatile byte windClicks = 0;
volatile unsigned long raintime, rainlast, raininterval, rain;
//Wunderground webpage connect information:
char SERVER [] = "weatherstation.wunderground.com"; //Standard server - for sends once per minute or less
char WEBPAGE [] = "GET /weatherstation/updateweatherstation.php?";
//Station Identification
char ID [] = "KMDSILVE68"; //Your station ID here
char PASSWORD [] = "cotm@1977"; //your Weather Underground password here
TCPClient client;
//Create Instance of HTU21D or SI7021 temp and humidity sensor and MPL3115A2 barrometric sensor
Weather sensor;
//void update18B20Temp(DeviceAddress deviceAddress, double &tempC);//predeclare to compile --> Comment Out
//Interrupt routines (these are called by the hardware interrupts, not by the main code)
//******************************************************************************
void rainIRQ()
// Count rain gauge bucket tips as they occur
// Activated by the magnet and reed switch in the rain gauge, attached to input D2
{
raintime = millis(); // grab current time
raininterval = raintime - rainlast; // calculate interval between this and last event
if (raininterval > 10) // ignore switch-bounce glitches less than 10mS after initial edge
{
dailyrainin += 0.011; //Each dump is 0.011" of water
rainHour[minutes] += 0.011; //Increase this minute's amount of rain
rainlast = raintime; // set up for next event
}
}
void wspeedIRQ()
// Activated by the magnet in the anemometer (2 ticks per rotation), attached to input D3
{
if (millis() - lastWindIRQ > 10) // Ignore switch-bounce glitches less than 10ms (142MPH max reading) after the reed switch closes
{
lastWindIRQ = millis(); //Grab the current time
windClicks++; //There is 1.492MPH for each click per second.
}
}
//******************************************************************************
void setup()
{
// DS18B20 initialization --> Sensor not used, so will comment out.
//sensors.begin(); --> Comment Out
//sensors.setResolution(inSoilThermometer, TEMPERATURE_PRECISION); --> Comment Out
pinMode(WSPEED, INPUT_PULLUP); // input from wind meters windspeed sensor
pinMode(RAIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // input from wind meters rain gauge sensor
//pinMode(SOIL_MOIST_POWER, OUTPUT);//power control for soil moisture --> Comment Out
//digitalWrite(SOIL_MOIST_POWER, LOW);//Leave off by defualt --> Comment Out
Serial.begin(9600); // open serial over USB
// Make sure your Serial Terminal app is closed before powering your device
// Now open your Serial Terminal, and hit any key to continue!
Serial.println("Press any key to begin");
//This line pauses the Serial port until a key is pressed
//while(!Serial.available()) Spark.process();
//Initialize the I2C sensors and ping them
sensor.begin();
/*You can only receive acurate barrometric readings or acurate altitiude
readings at a given time, not both at the same time. The following two lines
tell the sensor what mode to use. You could easily write a function that
takes a reading in one made and then switches to the other mode to grab that
reading, resulting in data that contains both acurate altitude and barrometric
readings. For this example, we will only be using the barometer mode. Be sure
to only uncomment one line at a time. */
sensor.setModeBarometer();//Set to Barometer Mode
//baro.setModeAltimeter();//Set to altimeter Mode
//These are additional MPL3115A2 functions the MUST be called for the sensor to work.
sensor.setOversampleRate(7); // Set Oversample rate
//Call with a rate from 0 to 7. See page 33 for table of ratios.
//Sets the over sample rate. Datasheet calls for 128 but you can set it
//from 1 to 128 samples. The higher the oversample rate the greater
//the time between data samples.
sensor.enableEventFlags(); //Necessary register calls to enble temp, baro ansd alt
seconds = 0;
lastSecond = millis();
// attach external interrupt pins to IRQ functions
attachInterrupt(RAIN, rainIRQ, FALLING);
attachInterrupt(WSPEED, wspeedIRQ, FALLING);
// turn on interrupts
interrupts();
//WiFi.off(); // Turn the wi-fi off
//RGB.control (true); // Take control of the lED
//RGB.color (0, 0, 0); // Switch the LED off
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------
void loop()
{
//Keep track of which minute it is
if(millis() - lastSecond >= 1000)
{
lastSecond += 1000;
//Take a speed and direction reading every second for 2 minute average
if(++seconds_2m > 119) seconds_2m = 0;
//Calc the wind speed and direction every second for 120 second to get 2 minute average
float currentSpeed = get_wind_speed();
//float currentSpeed = random(5); //For testing
int currentDirection = get_wind_direction();
windspdavg[seconds_2m] = (int)currentSpeed;
winddiravg[seconds_2m] = currentDirection;
//if(seconds_2m % 10 == 0) displayArrays(); //For testing
//Check to see if this is a gust for the minute
if(currentSpeed > windgust_10m[minutes_10m])
{
windgust_10m[minutes_10m] = currentSpeed;
windgustdirection_10m[minutes_10m] = currentDirection;
}
//Check to see if this is a gust for the day
if(currentSpeed > windgustmph)
{
windgustmph = currentSpeed;
windgustdir = currentDirection;
}
if(++seconds > 59)
{
seconds = 0;
if(++minutes > 59) minutes = 0;
if(++minutes_10m > 9) minutes_10m = 0;
rainHour[minutes] = 0; //Zero out this minute's rainfall amount
windgust_10m[minutes_10m] = 0; //Zero out this minute's gust
}
//Get readings from all sensors
getWeather();
//Rather than use a delay, keeping track of a counter allows the photon to
// still take readings and do work in between printing out data.
count++;
//alter this number to change the amount of time between each reading
if(count == 5)
{
printInfo();
count = 0;
}
{
//Send data to Weather Underground
sendToWU();
}
}
}
/********}
if (Time.minute() % 1 == 0 && dataUploaded == false)
{
RGB.control (false); // Surrender control of the LED to the Photon
WiFi.on(); // Turn the wi-fi on
delay (500); // Give wi-fi a moment to get its bearings
Particle.process(); // Make sure we're connected to the cloud
//Send data to Weather Underground
sendToWU();
WiFi.off(); // Turn the wi-fi off
RGB.control (true); // Re-take control of the LED
RGB.color (0, 0, 0); // Turn the LED off
dataUploaded = true; // Flip the flag up
}
if (Time.minute() % 1 != 0 && dataUploaded == true)
{
dataUploaded = false; // Flip the flag down to prepare for next upload
}
}********/
//---------------------------------------------------------------
void printInfo()
{
//This function prints the weather data out to the default Serial Port
Serial.print("Wind_Dir:");
switch (winddir)
{
case 0:
Serial.print("North, ");
break;
case 1:
Serial.print("NE, ");
break;
case 2:
Serial.print("East, ");
break;
case 3:
Serial.print("SE, ");
break;
case 4:
Serial.print("South, ");
break;
case 5:
Serial.print("SW, ");
break;
case 6:
Serial.print("West, ");
break;
case 7:
Serial.print("NW, ");
break;
default:
Serial.print("No Wind, ");
// if nothing else matches, do the
// default (which is optional)
}
Serial.print("Wind_Speed:");
Serial.print(windspeedmph, 1);
Serial.print("mph, ");
Serial.print("Rain:");
Serial.print(rainin, 2);
Serial.print("in., ");
Serial.print("Temp:");
Serial.print(tempf);
Serial.print("F, ");
Serial.print("Humidity:");
Serial.print(humidity);
Serial.print("%, ");
Serial.print("Baro_Temp:");
Serial.print(baroTemp);
Serial.print("F, ");
Serial.print("Pressure:");
Serial.print(pascals/100);
Serial.print("hPa, ");
//The MPL3115A2 outputs the pressure in Pascals. However, most weather stations
//report pressure in hectopascals or millibars. Divide by 100 to get a reading
//more closely resembling what online weather reports may say in hPa or mb.
//Another common unit for pressure is Inches of Mercury (in.Hg). To convert
//from mb to in.Hg, use the following formula. P(inHg) = 0.0295300 * P(mb)
//More info on conversion can be found here:
//www.srh.noaa.gov/images/epz/wxcalc/pres ... ersion.pdf
//If in altitude mode, print with these lines
//Serial.print("Altitude:");
//Serial.print(altf);
//Serial.println("ft.");
//Serial.print("Soil_Temp:"); --> Comment Out
//Serial.print(soiltempf); --> Comment Out
//Serial.print("F, "); --> Comment Out
//Serial.print("Soil_Mositure:"); --> Comment Out
//Serial.println(soilMoisture);//Mositure Content is expressed as an analog --> Comment Out
//value, which can range from 0 (completely dry) to the value of the
//materials' porosity at saturation. The sensor tends to max out between
//3000 and 3500.
}
//******************************************************************************
//void getSoilTemp() --> Comment out entire function as no soil temp collected
//{
//get temp from DS18B20
//sensors.requestTemperatures();
//update18B20Temp(inSoilThermometer, InTempC);
//Every so often there is an error that throws a -127.00, this compensates
//if(InTempC < -100)
//soiltempf = soiltempf;//push last value so data isn't out of scope
//else
//soiltempf = (InTempC * 9)/5 + 32;//else grab the newest, good data
//}
//******************************************************************************
//void getSoilMositure() --> Comment out entire function as no soil temp collected
//{
//digitalWrite(SOIL_MOIST_POWER, HIGH);
//delay(200);
//soilMoisture = analogRead(SOIL_MOIST);
//delay(100);
//digitalWrite(SOIL_MOIST_POWER, LOW);
//}
//******************************************************************************
//void update18B20Temp(DeviceAddress deviceAddress, double &tempC) --> Comment Out
//{
//tempC = sensors.getTempC(deviceAddress);
//}
//******************************************************************************
//Read the wind direction sensor, return heading in degrees
int get_wind_direction()
{
unsigned int adc;
adc = analogRead(WDIR); // get the current reading from the sensor
// The following table is ADC readings for the wind direction sensor output, sorted from low to high.
// Each threshold is the midpoint between adjacent headings. The output is degrees for that ADC reading.
// Note that these are not in compass degree order! See Weather Meters datasheet for more information.
//Wind Vains may vary in the values they return. To get exact wind direction,
//it is recomended that you AnalogRead the Wind Vain to make sure the values
//your wind vain output fall within the values listed below.
if(adc > 2270 && adc < 2290) return (0);//North
if(adc > 3220 && adc < 3299) return (1);//NE
if(adc > 3890 && adc < 3999) return (2);//East
if(adc > 3780 && adc < 3850) return (3);//SE
if(adc > 3570 && adc < 3650) return (4);//South
if(adc > 2790 && adc < 2850) return (5);//SW
if(adc > 1580 && adc < 1610) return (6);//West
if(adc > 1930 && adc < 1950) return (7);//NW
return (-1); // error, disconnected?
}
//******************************************************************************
//Returns the instataneous wind speed
float get_wind_speed()
{
float deltaTime = millis() - lastWindCheck; //750ms
deltaTime /= 1000.0; //Covert to seconds
float windSpeed = (float)windClicks / deltaTime; //3 / 0.750s = 4
windClicks = 0; //Reset and start watching for new wind
lastWindCheck = millis();
windSpeed *= 1.492; //4 * 1.492 = 5.968MPH
/* Serial.println();
Serial.print("Windspeed:");
Serial.println(windSpeed);*/
return(windSpeed);
}
//******************************************************************************
void getWeather()
{
// Measure Relative Humidity from the HTU21D or Si7021
humidity = sensor.getRH();
// Measure Temperature from the HTU21D or Si7021
tempf = sensor.getTempF();
// Temperature is measured every time RH is requested.
// It is faster, therefore, to read it from previous RH
// measurement with getTemp() instead with readTemp()
//Measure the Barometer temperature in F from the MPL3115A2
baroTemp = sensor.readBaroTempF();
//Measure Pressure from the MPL3115A2
pascals = sensor.readPressure();
inches = pascals * 0.0002953; // Calc for converting Pa to inHg (Wunderground expects inHg)
//getSoilTemp(); //Read the DS18B20 waterproof temp sensor --> Comment Out
//getSoilMositure();//Read the soil moisture sensor --> Comment Out
//Calc winddir
winddir = get_wind_direction();
//Calc windspeed
windspeedmph = get_wind_speed();
//Calc windgustmph
//Calc windgustdir
//Report the largest windgust today
windgustmph = 0;
windgustdir = 0;
//Calc windspdmph_avg2m
float temp = 0;
for(int i = 0 ; i < 120 ; i++)
temp += windspdavg;
temp /= 120.0;
windspdmph_avg2m = temp;
//Calc winddir_avg2m
temp = 0; //Can't use winddir_avg2m because it's an int
for(int i = 0 ; i < 120 ; i++)
temp += winddiravg;
temp /= 120;
winddir_avg2m = temp;
//Calc windgustmph_10m
//Calc windgustdir_10m
//Find the largest windgust in the last 10 minutes
windgustmph_10m = 0;
windgustdir_10m = 0;
//Step through the 10 minutes
for(int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
if(windgust_10m > windgustmph_10m)
{
windgustmph_10m = windgust_10m;
windgustdir_10m = windgustdirection_10m;
}
}
//Total rainfall for the day is calculated within the interrupt
//Calculate amount of rainfall for the last 60 minutes
rainin = 0;
for(int i = 0 ; i < 60 ; i++)
rainin += rainHour;
}
//******************************************************************************
void sendToWU()
{
Serial.println("connecting...");
if (client.connect(SERVER, 80)) {
Serial.println("Connected");
client.print(WEBPAGE);
client.print("ID=");
client.print(ID);
client.print("&PASSWORD=");
client.print(PASSWORD);
client.print("&dateutc=now"); //can use 'now' instead of time if sending in real time
client.print("&tempf=");
client.print(tempf); // Note that this was changed from "tempF" due to error
//client.print("&dewptf="); --> Comment out as dew point not calculated in this sketch
//client.print(dewptF); --> Comment out as dew point not calculated in this sketch
client.print("&rainin=");
client.print(rainin, 2);
client.print("&dailyrainin=");
client.print (dailyrainin, 2);
client.print("&humidity=");
client.print(humidity);
client.print("&windspeedmph=");
client.print(windspeedmph, 1);
client.print("&windspdmph_avg2m=");
client.print(windspdmph_avg2m, 1);
client.print("&windgustmph_10m=");
client.print(windgustmph_10m, 1);
client.print("&windgustmph=");
client.print(windgustmph, 1);
client.print("&winddir=");
client.print(winddir);
// client.print("&Baro_Temp=");
// client.print(baroTemp);
client.print("&baromin=");
client.print(inches);
client.print("&action=updateraw"); //Standard update rate - for sending once a minute or less
//client.print("&softwaretype=Particle-Photon&action=updateraw&realtime=1&rtfreq=30");
//Rapid Fire update rate - for sending multiple times per minute, specify frequency in seconds
client.println();
Serial.println("Upload complete");
delay(300); //Without the delay it goes to sleep too fast and the send is unreliable
}
else{
Serial.println(F("Connection failed"));
return;
}
}